io python 读取pdf_实用又好用，6 款 Python 特殊文本格式处理库推荐

以下是一些 Python 编写的用来解析和操作特殊文本格式的库，希望对大家有所帮助。

01.Tablib

https://www.oschina.net/p/Tablib

Tablib 是一个用来处理与表格格式数据有关的 Python 库，允许导入、导出、管理表格格式数据，并具备包括切片、动态列、标签和过滤，以及格式化导入和导出等高级功能。

Tablib 支持导出/导入的格式包括：Excel 、JSON 、YAML 、HTML 、TSV 和 CSV ，暂不支持 XML 。

>> data = tablib.Dataset(headers=['First Name', 'Last Name', 'Age'])
>>> for i in [('Kenneth', 'Reitz', 22), ('Bessie', 'Monke', 21)]:
... data.append(i)
>>> print(data.export('json'))
[{"Last Name": "Reitz", "First Name": "Kenneth", "Age": 22}, {"Last Name": "Monke", "First Name": "Bessie", "Age": 21}]
>>> print(data.export('yaml'))
- {Age: 22, First Name: Kenneth, Last Name: Reitz}
- {Age: 21, First Name: Bessie, Last Name: Monke}
>>> data.export('xlsx')
<censored binary data>
>>> data.export('df')
First Name Last Name Age
0 Kenneth Reitz 22
1 Bessie Monke 21

02.Openpyxl

https://www.oschina.net/p/openpyxl

Openpyxl 是一个用于读写 Excel 2010 xlsx / xlsm / xltx / xltm 文件的 Python 库。

Openpyxl 为 Python 原生读取/写入 Office Open XML 格式而生，最初是基于 PHPExcel 而开发。

from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()
# grab the active worksheet
ws = wb.active
# Data can be assigned directly to cells
ws['A1'] = 42
# Rows can also be appended
ws.append([1, 2, 3])
# Python types will automatically be converted
import datetime
ws['A2'] = datetime.datetime.now()
# Save the file
wb.save("sample.xlsx")

03.unoconv

https://www.oschina.net/p/unoconv

unoconv，全称为 Universal Office Converter ，是一个命令行工具，可在 LibreOffice/OpenOffice 支持的任意文件格式之间进行转换。

unoconv 支持批量转换文档，还可以结合 asciidoc和 docbook2odf / xhtml2odt 来创建 PDF 或 Word（.doc）文件。

[dag@moria cv]$ make odt pdf html doc
rm -f *.{odt,pdf,html,doc}
asciidoc -b docbook -d article -o resume.xml resume.txt
docbook2odf -f --params generate.meta=0 -o resume.tmp.odt resume.xml
Saved resume.tmp.odt
unoconv -f odt -t template.ott -o resume.odt resume.tmp.odt
unoconv -f pdf -t template.ott -o resume.pdf resume.odt
unoconv -f html -t template.ott -o resume.html resume.odt
unoconv -f doc -t template.ott -o resume.doc resume.odt

04.PyPDF2

https://www.oschina.net/p/pypdf

PyPDF2 是一个纯 Python PDF 库，能够分割、合并、裁剪和转换 PDF 文件页面。它还可以添加自定义数据、查看选项和密码到 PDF 文件。

PyPDF2 可以从 PDF 中检索文本和元数据，也可以将整个文件合并在一起。

from PyPDF2 import PdfFileWriter, PdfFileReader
output = PdfFileWriter()
input1 = PdfFileReader(open("document1.pdf", "rb"))
# print how many pages input1 has:
print "document1.pdf has %d pages." % input1.getNumPages()
# add page 1 from input1 to output document, unchanged
output.addPage(input1.getPage(0))
# add page 2 from input1, but rotated clockwise 90 degrees
output.addPage(input1.getPage(1).rotateClockwise(90))
# add page 3 from input1, rotated the other way:
output.addPage(input1.getPage(2).rotateCounterClockwise(90))
# alt: output.addPage(input1.getPage(2).rotateClockwise(270))
# add page 4 from input1, but first add a watermark from another PDF:
page4 = input1.getPage(3)
watermark = PdfFileReader(open("watermark.pdf", "rb"))
page4.mergePage(watermark.getPage(0))
output.addPage(page4)
# add page 5 from input1, but crop it to half size:
page5 = input1.getPage(4)
page5.mediaBox.upperRight = (
page5.mediaBox.getUpperRight_x() / 2,
page5.mediaBox.getUpperRight_y() / 2
)
output.addPage(page5)
# add some Javascript to launch the print window on opening this PDF.
# the password dialog may prevent the print dialog from being shown,
# comment the the encription lines, if that's the case, to try this out
output.addJS("this.print({bUI:true,bSilent:false,bShrinkToFit:true});")
# encrypt your new PDF and add a password
password = "secret"
output.encrypt(password)
# finally, write "output" to document-output.pdf
outputStream = file("PyPDF2-output.pdf", "wb")
output.write(outputStream)